Present Indefinite Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو روزانہ ہوتے ہوں، عادت بن چکے ہوں، یا کوئی سچائی / حقیقت ہوں۔ اسے "حال مطلق" بھی کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + Verb (1st) + s/es + Object | He plays cricket. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + do/does + not + Verb (1st form) | She does not like tea. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Do/Does + Subject + Verb (1st) + ? | Does Ali read Quran? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Do/Does + Subject + not + Verb (1st) + ? | Does she not study? |
Present Continuous Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو ابھی اس وقت ہو رہے ہوں، کچھ عرصے سے جاری ہوں، یا مستقبل قریب میں طے شدہ ہوں۔ اسے "فعل حال جاری" کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + am/is/are + Verb(1st+ing) + Object | She is writing a letter. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + am/is/are + not + Verb(1st+ing) | They are not watching TV. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Am/Is/Are + Subject + Verb(1st+ing) + ? | Is he coming to the party? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Am/Is/Are + Subject + not + Verb(1st+ing) + ? | Are you not taking exercise? |
Present Perfect Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو حال ہی میں مکمل ہوئے ہوں، یا ماضی میں کسی خاص وقت کے بغیر تجربہ ہو، یا وہ عمل جس کا اثر حال پر موجود ہو۔ اسے "حال مکمل" کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + has/have + Past Participle (3rd form) + Object | She has finished her work. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + has/have + not + Past Participle (3rd form) | They have not eaten yet. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Has/Have + Subject + Past Participle + ? | Have you seen the new mosque? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Has/Have + Subject + not + Past Participle + ? | Has she not completed her degree? |
Present Perfect Continuous Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو ماضی میں شروع ہوئے، ابھی تک جاری ہیں، اور حال میں بھی ہو رہے ہیں۔ اس میں وقت (duration) بتایا جاتا ہے۔ اسے "فعل حال مکمل جاری" کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + has/have + been + Verb(1st+ing) + Object + since/for + time | He has been playing cricket for two hours. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + has/have + not + been + Verb(ing) + Object | They have not been waiting for long. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Has/Have + Subject + been + Verb(ing) + Object + ? | Has she been cooking since morning? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Has/Have + Subject + not + been + Verb(ing) + ? | Have you not been sleeping well lately? |
Past Indefinite Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو ماضی میں مکمل ہو چکے ہوں اور ان کا حال سے کوئی تعلق نہ ہو۔ عام طور پر وقت (yesterday, last week, ago, etc.) کے ساتھ استعمال ہوتا ہے۔ اسے "ماضی مطلق" یا "سادہ ماضی" کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + Verb (2nd form) + Object | She wrote a letter yesterday. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + did + not + Verb (1st form) + Object | They did not play cricket. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Did + Subject + Verb (1st form) + Object + ? | Did he come to the party? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Did + Subject + not + Verb (1st form) + ? | Did she not finish her homework? |
Past Continuous Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو ماضی کے کسی خاص وقت پر جاری تھے۔ یہ ظاہر کرتا ہے کہ کوئی عمل ماضی میں شروع ہوا اور کچھ دیر جاری رہا۔ اسے "ماضی جاری" کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + was/were + Verb(1st+ing) + Object | She was reading a book at 6 PM. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + was/were + not + Verb(ing) + Object | They were not playing football. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Was/Were + Subject + Verb(ing) + Object + ? | Was he sleeping when you called? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Was/Were + Subject + not + Verb(ing) + ? | Were they not waiting for the bus? |
Past Perfect Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو ماضی کے کسی دوسرے عمل سے پہلے مکمل ہو چکے تھے۔ اسے "ماضی مکمل" یا "پہلے ختم شدہ عمل" کہتے ہیں۔ یہ واضح کرتا ہے کہ دو ماضی کے واقعات میں سے کون سا پہلے ہوا۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + had + Past Participle (3rd form) + Object | She had finished her homework before dinner. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + had + not + Past Participle (3rd form) | They had not eaten anything before the party. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Had + Subject + Past Participle + Object + ? | Had he left before you arrived? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Had + Subject + not + Past Participle + ? | Had they not completed the project by then? |
Past Perfect Continuous Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو ماضی میں شروع ہوئے، کچھ دیر تک جاری رہے، اور ماضی کے کسی دوسرے عمل سے پہلے ختم ہوئے (یا پھر اس وقت تک جاری تھے)۔ اسے "ماضی مکمل جاری" کہتے ہیں۔ یہ کسی عمل کی مدت (duration) پر زور دیتا ہے۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | Subject + had been + Verb(1st+ing) + since/for + time | She had been cooking for two hours when guests arrived. |
| ❌ Negative | Subject + had + not + been + Verb(ing) + Object | They had not been waiting for long before the bus came. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Had + Subject + been + Verb(ing) + since/for + ? | Had he been studying since morning? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Had + Subject + not + been + Verb(ing) + ? | Had they not been living in Lahore for five years before moving? |
Future Indefinite Tense (Simple Future Tense) اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو مستقبل میں ہوں گے۔ اسے "مستقبل مطلق" کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | I/We + shall + V1 / Others + will + V1 | I shall write a letter. / She will write a letter. |
| ❌ Negative | I/We + shall not + V1 / Others + will not + V1 | We shall not play. / They will not play. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Shall/Will + Subject + V1 + ? | Shall I come? / Will he come? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Shall/Will + Subject + not + V1 + ? | Shall we not go? / Will she not go? |
Future Continuous Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو مستقبل کے کسی خاص وقت پر جاری ہوں گے۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | I/We + shall be + V-ing / Others + will be + V-ing | I shall be cooking. / She will be cooking. |
| ❌ Negative | I/We + shall not be + V-ing / Others + will not be + V-ing | We shall not be playing. / They will not be playing. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Shall/Will + Subject + be + V-ing + ? | Shall I be waiting? / Will he be waiting? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Shall/Will + Subject + not + be + V-ing + ? | Shall we not be going? / Will she not be going? |
Future Perfect Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو مستقبل کے کسی خاص وقت یا دوسرے عمل سے پہلے مکمل ہو چکے ہوں گے۔ اسے "مستقبل مکمل" کہتے ہیں۔ یہ بتاتا ہے کہ مستقبل میں کوئی کام ایک مقررہ وقت تک ختم ہو جائے گا۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | I/We + shall have + Past Participle (3rd form) Others + will have + Past Participle | I shall have finished the work. She will have finished the work. |
| ❌ Negative | I/We + shall not have + V3 Others + will not have + V3 | We shall not have reached by noon. They will not have reached by noon. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Shall/Will + Subject + have + V3 + ? | Shall I have completed the task? Will she have completed the task? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Shall/Will + Subject + not + have + V3 + ? | Shall we not have left by then? Will they not have left by then? |
Future Perfect Continuous Tense اُن کاموں کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو مستقبل کے کسی وقت یا دوسرے عمل تک ایک خاص مدت سے جاری رہے ہوں گے۔ یہ بتاتا ہے کہ کوئی عمل مستقبل میں کسی مقررہ وقت تک کتنی دیر سے جاری رہے گا۔ اسے "مستقبل مکمل جاری" کہتے ہیں۔
| قسم (Type) | فارمولا (Formula) | مثال (Example) |
|---|---|---|
| ✅ Positive | I/We + shall have been + V-ing Others + will have been + V-ing |
I shall have been working for 3 hours. She will have been working for 3 hours. |
| ❌ Negative | I/We + shall not have been + V-ing Others + will not have been + V-ing |
We shall not have been waiting long. They will not have been waiting long. |
| ❓ Interrogative | Shall/Will + Subject + have been + V-ing + ? | Shall I have been studying since morning? Will he have been studying since morning? |
| ❓➕ Interrogative Negative | Shall/Will + Subject + not + have been + V-ing + ? | Shall we not have been living here for 5 years? Will they not have been living here for 5 years? |
ٹینس ٹیسٹ — اپنی انگریزی گرامر آزمائیں